Portland, Oregon, finds itself immersed in the aftermath of soaring fentanyl overdose rates, with the streets marred by used syringes and Narcan canisters. In response, the state introduced Measure 110 in 2020, a groundbreaking law that partially decriminalized certain drug possessions, prioritizing treatment over criminalization.
However, the approach has ignited a debate, particularly among law enforcement officials, who argue that the lack of severe legal consequences fails to incentivize addicts to seek treatment, particularly in the case of highly addictive substances like fentanyl.
Portland Police Officer David Baer, leading the city’s bike squad, issued a $100 citation for publicly smoking fentanyl instead of making an arrest, offering the individual a chance for treatment and a fine waiver upon contacting specific drug rehabilitation services. Critics argue that the voluntary nature of contacting the hotline undermines the effectiveness of the measure.
Since the law’s implementation, over 6,000 citations have been issued, with a 64% non-compliance rate, according to the Oregon Judicial Department. This lack of adherence has prompted calls from a coalition of police chiefs, donors, and district attorneys, including Washington County District Attorney Kevin Barton, to reconsider decriminalization and integrate diversion programs within the judicial system.
However, advocates for Measure 110 highlight positive outcomes, with 15,000 people across over 200 locations in the state receiving treatment. Arrests and jailings for drug use or possession reportedly dropped by 68%, according to the Oregon Health Authority.
Christina Anderson, a program director at Volunteers of America Oregon, emphasized that addiction is a medical issue requiring a medical response. Critics calling for a return to criminalization argue for the creation of rewards and consequences to encourage engagement in treatment programs.
Measure 110 has facilitated the expansion of housing, treatment, and rehabilitation programs, with organizations such as Volunteers of America Oregon receiving substantial funding for extended outreach and addiction services. Beneficiaries like 4D Recovery cite the positive impact of peer mentorship on individuals like Ebony Brawley, who credits Measure 110 for her recovery.
“Because of Measure 110, I was able to change my story and break those chains,” said Brawley, emphasizing the measure’s role in providing a chance for recovery and a better life.