At least 25 U.S. states have outlawed devices that convert pistols into machine guns, with Alabama and New Mexico recently joining the effort. These devices, such as Glock switches, turn semi-automatic guns into automatic weapons. While federal law has long prohibited machine guns and conversion parts, these devices have become more widespread, prompting state-level action. Over 12,000 conversion devices were seized by authorities in less than three years.
In New Mexico, both police and prosecutors supported the new ban, while Alabama’s governor prioritized the issue. Laws now criminalize the possession of Glock switches in both states, adding to a growing list of states taking action against such devices.
Federal Law on Machine Guns
Federal law defines machine guns as weapons that fire automatically with a single pull of the trigger, including any parts designed to convert a firearm into such a weapon. Possession of machine guns made after 1986 is illegal for civilians, with exceptions for law enforcement and military personnel. Violations can lead to up to 10 years in prison.
What Is a Glock Switch?
A Glock switch is a small device that attaches to the back of a Glock pistol, making it fire continuously when the trigger is pulled. Similar devices can also convert other pistols and some rifles into automatic weapons. These devices are increasingly common, partly due to 3D printing technology.
Rise in Use of Conversion Devices
The use of conversion devices has surged in the past decade, with over 12,000 seized between 2021 and 2024. Five states—Florida, Illinois, Texas, Montana, and North Dakota—account for nearly half of the total devices recovered.
State Legislation Against Conversion Devices
Alabama and New Mexico recently passed laws making the possession of conversion devices illegal, with punishments of up to 10 and 3 years in prison, respectively. Similar legislation is advancing in other states, while Virginia’s governor vetoed a proposal to expand the ban on such devices.
Gun Control and Gun-Rights Groups
Gun control advocates, including Everytown for Gun Safety, are pushing for stricter laws, including making it illegal to sell pistols that can be converted into machine guns. Meanwhile, gun-rights groups like the National Rifle Association argue that existing laws are sufficient and that individuals should have the right to own machine guns under the Second Amendment.
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